Water flowing in streams has increased by 25% in the eastern United States over the last 60 years but has decreased by about 2% per decade in the Rocky Mountains. Annual precipitation (rain and snow) has increased for most of North America, but has decreased in the southwestern United States, eastern Arctic, and Canadian prairies. This warming has been caused both by a combination of human-released gases and fine particles (aerosols) and by natural causes. The growing season has increased by about two days per decade since 1950 in Canada and the United States, mostly due to earlier springs. Warming occurring in Alaska, northwestern Canada, and the continental interior. Average air temperature increased from 1955 to at least 2005, with most Various effects of climate change have already been observed in North America. Historical Background and Scientific Foundations Climate change is already being observed in North America, including shifted rainfall patterns and dramatic warming in the Arctic. The United States is now the second-largest emitter of greenhouse gases in the world, just behind China. This is due mostly to the contribution of the United States, historically the world's largest single emitter of human-released greenhouse gases. The region will not only suffer impacts from climate change, but is having a large impact on climate change: North America has produced a greater share of greenhouse gas emissions over time than any other continent. These effects will be most intense in the Arctic. It stretches from the Central American peninsula north to the Arctic, and will experience a wide range of effects from climate change. North America, the third-largest continent, is home to approximately 515 million people. North America: Climate Change Impacts Introduction
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